个人的一些小看法:
1、名词: 单复数用错。
原因: A:受中文母语影响,中文里只需加上数词或者其他代表数量级程度的词,无须变形就可作为复数意义,而英语有单复数之别,有集体名词代表复数等区别。
B:英语单词中变形规则不熟悉。尤其是不规则的变形。
2、 动词:动词变形如动词原形,第三人称单数区别。
原因: 和名词出错的原因雷同。受母语中文的影响。不规则变形。
3、 时态。
原因: 中文时态表达只需要通过时间点或者介词来表达。
而英文中,有四大类,过去时,现在时,将来时,过去将来时。细分可以到8类,再细分到16类。
4、 单词用错
原因:(哈哈,主要是我们词汇量不够,容易不小心误用),包括褒贬含义等。
总之,学习一门语言,最主要是练习,交流。交流,练习。
practice makes perfect.错误就会越来越少。
在英语短文改错中,常见的命题规律有以下十个方面:
1、上下文语义矛盾
通过对近年六级改错部分的分析,发现出现错误率的频率最高的就是上下文语义矛盾这一项,上下文语义矛盾,也就是说,根据上文的内容,紧接下来的部分应该是肯定意义,结果原文却用了否定;反之,根据上下文的连贯关系,下文本该用否定却用了肯定。
2、缺漏和多余
缺漏某些不可少或加了某些不必要的词都会使句意不通顺。一般来说,缺漏和多余的词多为介词、代词、冠词或连词。多余还可能出现相同意义的词语叠加在一起或出现两个主语现场。
3、介词误用
介词使句中某些词与其他词发生一定的关系,其在英语中占很重要的地位,故成为又一重要考点。
4、代词误用
如果某一代词根本无所指,或与其所指代的实词意义不一致那么就需要对其进行纠正。
5、非谓语动词错用
非谓语动词是令人头疼的改错类型,它包括不定式、分词、动名词。六级改错中的主要出现是非谓语动词与主要谓语动词之间的混淆。
6、形容词、副词(包括比较级和最高级)误用
形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级是改错考题中必考的项目之一。常见错误类型有:
1、)、不能区分哪两部分进行比较,是主语之间、宾语之间还是时间状语之间、地点状语之间的比较。
2、)、不可分级的形容词、副词误用了比较结构。
7、一致性方面的错误
一致性(agreement或concord)在英语中属于一种很基础、很常见的语法现象。一致性指主谓一致、名词单复数与其修饰语的一致,代词与先行词的一致,还有时态一致、修辞手法一致等。六级考试改错题中常见的一致性方面的错误有以下几类:
1、)、主谓一致。主谓不一致错误是cet 6综合改错内容之一,主要表现为主语名词与谓语动词间隔较长,首尾不能相接,造成视觉上的混淆。
2、)、名词单复数。有时名词可以不用复数,但是在特定的句子中由于前面有明确的量词修饰,如may,several,a number of,a variety of等等,就要变成复数形式。
3、)、代词与先行词一致。代词的主要功能是指代已出现的名词、词组或一个意群,因此代词的出现必须有所指,而且形、数等与前面所代的部分相符。这是代词改错的核心。
8、用词不当
英语中有很多同义词、反义词、易混词,如assure/ensure,rise/arise/raise,effect/affect等。从历年六级改错题看,对这些词的误用构成六级改错的一个重要的错误类型。误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。
9、逻辑关系混乱
现主句和从句时态可能不一致的情形。另外,改错题中最常见的语态错这类错误常常不易被发现,因为它不属于句子内部的语言知识,而是句子与句子之间串联的关系。要想把这类错误纠正出来,需要考生对文章有总体的理解,头脑中有个大的框架。一般改错中的连接词错误都会使句子的逻辑关系发生改变,或造成句子的语义逻辑混乱。六级综合改错中对逻辑关系的考查主要集中在因果、转折、条件、让步等关系上,其中以因果和转折连接词最为常见。
1、0、时态、语态错误
一篇结构完整的短文中,时态的使用应该是连贯一致的,但六级改错中常出现主句和从句时态可能不一致的情形。另外,改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。
1.句子成分残缺不全
We always working till late at night before taking exams.(误)
We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams(正)
We should read books may be useful to us. (误)
We should read books which may be useful to us. (正)
2.句子成分多余
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (误)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正)
The driver of the red car was died on the spot. (误)
The driver of the red car died on the spot. (正)
3.主谓不一致
Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. (误)
Some think that reading should be selective. (正)
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (误)
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正)
4.动词时态、语态的误用
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. (误)
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正)
We have little time to read some books which we interest. (误)
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (正)
I am a student who has studying in the college for two years. (误)
I have been studying in the college for two years(正)
5.词类混淆
It is my point that reading must be selectively. (误)
In my opinion, reading must be selective. (正)
Honest is so important for everyperson. (误)
Honesty is so important for everyone. (正)
The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. (误)
The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. (正)
6.名词可数与不可数的误用
Too much tests are disadvantage for students’ study. (误)
Too many tests are disadvantageous to students. (正)
In modern society, people are under various pressures(误)
In modern society, people are under various kinds of pressure. (正)
7.动词及物与不及物的误用
The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. (误)
The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. (正)
because of his excellent performance, the boss rose his salary. (误)
because of his excellent performance, the boss raised his salary. (正)
8.介词to和不定式符号的混淆
Too many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. (误)
Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking. (正)
All these contributed to solve the serious problem. (误)
All these contributed to the solution to the serious problem. (正)
9.情态动词的误用
It may not good to our health. (误)
It may be not good to our health. (正)
They should spent much time. (误)
They should spend much time. (正)
10. There be句型的误用
There exists some new problems such as being dishonest. (误)
There exist/arise some new problems such as being dishonest. (正)
There are many way to solve the tuition and fees of college education. (误)
There are many ways to raise the money for the tuition and fees for college education. (正)
1、动宾搭配不当
We must pay attention to it and make solutions to the problem. (误)
We must pay attention and find a solution to the problem. (正)
It also may help you to make success. (误)
It may also help you succeed/obtain your goal. (正)
2、根据中文逐字硬译
If someone’s family situation is not well, he can apply for loan to bank. (误)
If one’s family is not well off, he can apply to the bank for a loan. (正) Let alone touch the outside world of campus/keep a good body health(误)
Let alone get in touch with the world outside of the campus/keep fit(正)
上面这些错误比较典型、集中,请大家务必要注意,其他的错误,如单词拼写、大小写、标点符号的误用等,可谓千姿百态,无奇不有,在此就不一一列举。

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